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There are some things you tin can simply practice from the command line—even in Windows. Some of these tools don't have graphical equivalents, while others are simply plain faster to use than their graphical interfaces.
If you're into using PowerShell over Command Prompt, you should notation that all the commands we're covering in this article work but the same in either tool. And obviously, nosotros can't possibly cover all the useful commands that these tools offer. Instead, we'll be focusing on commands that should exist useful fifty-fifty if you lot're non a command-line person.
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ipconfig: Quickly Find Your IP Address
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You can notice your IP address from the Control Console, just it takes a few clicks to become there. The ipconfig command is a fast way of determining your computer'south IP address and other information, such as the accost of its default gateway—useful if you desire to know the IP accost of your router's web interface.
To use the command, just typeipconfig at the Command Prompt. You lot'll see a list of all the network connections your computer is using. Look nether "Wireless LAN adapter" if yous're connected to Wi-Fi or "Ethernet adapter" if you're continued to a wired network. For fifty-fifty more details, y'all tin can employ theipconfig /all command.
ipconfig /flushdns: Affluent Your DNS Resolver Cache
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If you change your DNS server, the effects won't necessarily take place immediately. Windows uses a enshroud that remembers DNS responses it'south received, saving time when you admission the aforementioned addresses again in the future. To ensure Windows is getting addresses from the new DNS servers instead of using sometime, cached entries, run theipconfig /flushdns command subsequently changing your DNS server.
ping and tracert: Troubleshoot Network Connection Issues
If yous're experiencing issues connecting to a website or other network connection problems, Windows and other operating systems have some standard tools you can use to place problems.
Commencement, there's the ping command. Typeping howtogeek.com (or whatever Internet server you want to test) and Windows volition send packets to that accost. You can apply either a name or the bodily IP address. The server at that IP address (in our case, the How-To Geek server) volition respond and allow you know it's received them. You'll be able to run into if any packets didn't make it to the destination—perhaps you're experiencing packet loss—and how long it took to go the response—perhaps the network is saturated and packets are taking a while to reach their destinations.
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The tracert command traces the road information technology takes for a bundle to accomplish a destination and shows you lot information well-nigh each hop along that route. For example, if you lot runtracert howtogeek.com, you'll encounter data about each node the packet interacts with on its mode to achieve our server. If you're having bug connecting to a website, tracert can show you where the problem is occurring.
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For more data about using these commands—and other not bad tools for figuring out why your network or Internet connectedness is giving you issues—bank check out our introduction to troubleshooting Internet connection problems.
shutdown: Create Shutdown Shortcuts for Windows
The shutdown control lets you shut downwards or restart Windows. Admittedly, it was more than useful in Windows 8 (where the shut downwards button was harder to access), but however handy no affair what version of Windows you utilise. You tin can use the command to create your own shortcuts and place them on your Start menu, desktop, or fifty-fifty taskbar.
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In Windows 8 and 10, you lot can even use a special switch to restart your computer into the advanced startup options menu. To use the command at the Command Prompt or when creating a shortcut, only type one of the post-obit:
- shutdown /south /t 0: Performs a regular shut down.
- shutdown /r /t 0:Restart the computer.
- shutdown /r /o:Restarts the computer into advanced options.
sfc /scannow: Browse Organisation Files for Issues
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Windows includes a system file checker tool that scans all the Windows system files and looks for bug. If arrangement files are missing or corrupted, the system file checker will repair them. This may ready problems with some Windows systems.
To use this tool, open up a Command Prompt window equally Administrator and run thesfc /scannow command.
telnet: Connect to Telnet Servers
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The telnet client isn't installed past default. Instead, it's one of the optional Windows features that you tin install through the Control Panel. In one case installed, y'all can use thetelnet command to connect to telnet servers without installing whatsoever 3rd-party software.
Y'all should avert using telnet if you can assistance information technology, only if yous're connected directly to a device and it requires that you apply telnet to set something up—well, that's what you take to practice.
cipher: Permanently Delete and Overwrite a Directory
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The cipher command is mostly used for managing encryption, but it as well has an option that volition write garbage data to a bulldoze, clearing its gratis space and ensuring no deleted file can be recovered. Deleted files normally stick around on disk unless you're using a solid state drive. The cipher command effectively allows yous to "wipe" a drive without installing any third-party tools.
To use the command, specify the drive you lot desire to wipe like and so:
cipher /due west:C:\
Find that there is no infinite between the switch (/westward: ) and the bulldoze (C:\ )
netstat -an: Listing Network Connections and Ports
The netstat command is particularly useful, displaying all sorts of network statistics when used with its diverse options. One of the most interesting variants of netstat is netstat -an , which will display a list of all open up network connections on their computer, along with the port they're using and the foreign IP address they're connected to.
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nslookup: Find the IP Accost Associated With a Domain
When you lot type a domain name (say, into a browser address bar), your computer looks up the IP address associated with that domain name. You tin utilize the nslookup command to detect that information out for yourself. For example, y'all could blazon nslookup howtogeek.com at the Command Prompt to speedily discover out our server's assigned IP address.
You can also perform a reverse lookup past typing an IP address to find out the associated domain name.
This isn't a comprehensive list of all the commands y'all might detect useful, simply nosotros hope information technology's given yous some idea of the many powerful tools lurking under the surface. Accept your own favorites we didn't mention? Join in the discussion and let us know!
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Source: https://www.howtogeek.com/168896/10-useful-windows-commands-you-should-know/